The Application of Politeness Principle in Diplomatic Discourse：Take the Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs as an example开题报告

1. 研究目的与意义

Withthe continuous increase of China''s comprehensive national strength andinternational exchanges, China has become the political and economic center ofthe world, and more and more international diplomatic activities have been heldin China. Diplomacy is an exchange activity between countries, due to thedifferent situations in different regions of the world, the relations betweencountries are also very complicated. When dealing with foreign affairs, eachcountry will adopt prudent diplomatic strategies to achieve its own goals. Asthe speaking representative of a country, diplomatic personnel plays a veryimportant role in diplomatic activities, they should not only show theirnational attitude to the world and explain important domestic issues, but alsouse language cautiously and reasonably in the process of diplomaticnegotiations, sometimes, they need to use some language strategies to reserve room for themselves and theother party in order to effectively avoid conflicts and contradictions, which isconducive to the smooth progress of diplomacy.

In April 1983, theJournalists'' Association of China introduced spokesmen of Ministries andcommissions of the State Council and people''s organizations to Chinese andforeign journalists for the first time, and the establishment of pressspokesperson system was officially announced in China. Since then, the cause ofpress spokesman in China has made great progress, and the press spokespersonsystem has gradually matured in China. The domestic understanding and attentionto the press spokesmen and its system has also been gradually improved. Withthe increasing public attention to press spokesmen, more and more relevantstudies have been conducted. Therefore, this paper will carefully explore howdiplomatic spokesmen use politeness principle in diplomatic activities. Throughthe research of this paper, it aims to deepen people''s understanding ofpoliteness principle and diplomatic language, and make people feel the agilethinking and unique language characteristics of diplomats as well asunderstanding that appropriate expression of diplomatic language plays a veryimportant role in promoting the smooth progress of international communicationand the harmonious development of international relations.

2. 研究内容和预期目标

research contents: from the perspective of sociolinguistics and based on the politenessprinciple proposed by leech, this paper will select the speeches at the regularpress conferences of the ministry of foreign affairs of china as a corpus tostudy the language use of press spokesmen in diplomatic activities.

the keyissue to be solved: linguistics is an ancient and vigorous discipline, anddiscourse of press spokesman has attracted more and more attention in recentyears. it is a very important new challenge to bring linguistics and diplomaticdiscourse together in the context of a new era.

3. 国内外研究现状

the following reviews the key literature concerned with the politenessprinciple and press spokespersons’ language. sources are from the onlinelibrary of the university of nanjing university of finance and economics,wanfang database, cnki and china science and technology journal database withthe key words such as politeness principle, diplomatic discourse and pressspokespersons’ language.

1.studies on politeness principle home andabroad

in 1967, grice, an american philosopher of language, proposed cooperativeprinciple in his speech at harvard university. according to grice, in theprocess of communication, both sides of the dialogue seem to be consciously orunconsciously following a certain principle in order to effectively cooperateto complete the communication task. however, the cooperative principledoes not explain the necessity of itself, thatis, why speakers do not abide by the cooperative principle in communication andhow listeners understand the special meaning of the speaker''s words. therefore,many scholars put forward the politeness principle which is complementary tothe cooperation principle. rabin lakota (1973), an early scholar of politenessprinciple, combined politeness and cooperative principle and proposed'pragmatic competence rules', namely, 'be clear' and'be polite'. in her opinion, the essence of politeness is not toinvade other people''s space and let the listener make their own decisions, and letthe speaker avoid conflict and friction with the listener at any time. leech, abritish scholar, his politeness principle has a great influence. in 1983, hedivided the principle of politeness into six principles: tact maxim, generositymaxim, approbation maxim, agreement maxim, modesty maxim and sympathy maxim. inaddition, british linguists brown and levinson (1978) later put forward'face maintenance view', 'face threatening act' and otherviews. they believe that everyone has 'face', and politeness is about'face' and an effort to maximize the maintenance of “face” of thelistener and the speaker.

4. 计划与进度安排

1. november 25, 2022 the selection of thetopic;

2. december 20, 2022 opening report;

3. march 10, 2022 the first draft;

5. 参考文献

[1]jin liu. a pragmatic analysis of hedges fromthe perspective of politeness principle[j]. theory and practice in languagestudies,2020,10(12).

[2]yanli fu. on the application of politenessprinciple in pragmatics[j]. international journal of social science andeducation research,2019,2(7).

[3]xiaoleiwan.(2020).cooperation and face in theory amp; use. scientific journal ofeconomics and management research(12).